World AIDS Day 2024: Aiming for a future where HIV/AIDS is effectively managed and eventually eradicated, staying informed and proactive is essential.
Aiming for a HIV/AIDS-free future
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a severe condition caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This virus attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which are crucial for fighting infections. If left untreated, HIV reduces the number of these cells, making the body more vulnerable to infections and certain cancers. Understanding AIDS involves knowing its symptoms, causes, and preventive measures.
World AIDS Day 2024, observed on December 1st, holds immense significance in India as the nation continues its fight against HIV/AIDS. It serves as a powerful reminder to raise awareness, combat stigma, and encourage testing and prevention measures. India, home to the third-largest population of HIV-positive individuals, focuses on community-led initiatives to improve access to treatment and education. This year, efforts emphasize inclusion, resilience, and collaboration, aiming to achieve global goals for an AIDS-free future.
Understanding AIDS and the importance of managing it cannot be overstated. AIDS is not just a medical condition; it profoundly impacts the social and economic aspects of individuals and communities. The stigma associated with HIV/AIDS can lead to discrimination, which further complicates the lives of those affected. By educating ourselves and others about the causes, symptoms, and prevention of HIV/AIDS, we can create a more supportive environment that encourages testing, treatment, and the adoption of preventive measures. Staying informed and proactive is essential in the fight against this life-threatening disease, aiming for a future where HIV/AIDS is effectively managed and eventually eradicated.
Symptoms of AIDS
The symptoms of AIDS vary and can be severe due to the compromised immune system. They include:
a. Acute HIV infection
1. Fever
2. Chills
3. Rash
4. Night sweats
5. Muscle aches
6. Sore throat
7. Fatigue
8. Swollen lymph nodes
9. Mouth ulcers
b. Clinical latency stage
a. This stage can last several years, and the virus remains active but reproduces at very low levels. Many people may not exhibit symptoms during this phase.
Progression to AIDS
1. Rapid weight loss
2. Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
3. Extreme and unexplained tiredness
4. Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands
5. Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week
6. Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals
7. Pneumonia
8. Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or eyelids
9. Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders
Staying informed and proactive is essential in the fight against HIV/AIDS
Photo Credit: Canva
Causes of AIDS
AIDS is caused by HIV, which is transmitted through
1. Unprotected sexual contact
The most common mode of transmission, involving vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person.
2. Blood transfusions
Receiving contaminated blood can transmit the virus.
3. Sharing needles
Common among individuals who inject drugs.
4. Mother-to-child transmission
During pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
Also Read: Understanding The Complications Of HIV/AIDS
Prevention of AIDS
Preventive measures are essential to control the spread of HIV and include
1. Safe sexual practices
Use condoms consistently and correctly. Limiting the number of sexual partners. Get tested regularly and know your partner’s HIV status.
2. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)
A medication for people at high risk of HIV to prevent infection.
3. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)
Taking antiretroviral medicines (ART) after potential exposure to HIV to prevent becoming infected.
4. Regular testing
Early detection through regular testing is crucial for managing and preventing the spread of HIV.
5. Avoid sharing needles
Use only sterile needles if injecting drugs.
6. Mother-to-child transmission prevention
HIV-positive mothers should follow medical advice to reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to their babies.
AIDS is a life-threatening condition that results from the progression of HIV infection. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and prevention strategies is vital in combating the spread of HIV and managing the health of those affected. Adopting safe practices, regular testing, and appropriate medical interventions can significantly reduce the impact of this disease.
Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.
